During World War II, Alexander A. Vandegrift (1887-1973) commanded the 1st Marine Division in the Battle of Guadalcanal (Solomon Islands, 1942-1943), the Allies' first large-scale offensive, and first victory, in the Pacific Theater. His previous service in Cuba, Nicaragua, Haiti and China prepared him well for the challenges of jungle warfare.
In 1943, he was a company commander, 1st Marine Regiment, in Australia. After the New Britain Campaign, he was at the head of a 14-man team which killed 20 and captured seven during a 12-mile jungle march. In September 1944, he fought in the Peleliu campaign, and for which he was awarded the Medal of Honor and the Purple Heart.